Off the court arthur ashe biography

American tennis player (–)

For rendering British Columbia politician, see Character James Richard Ash.

Arthur Robert Ashe Jr. (July 10, &#;– February 6, ) was an American professional tennis performer. He won three Grand Smack titles in singles and a handful of in doubles. Ashe was honourableness first black player selected turn over to the United States Davis Drink team, and the only inky man ever to win class singles titles at Wimbledon, blue blood the gentry US Open, and the Aussie Open. He retired in

Ashe was ranked world No. 1 by Rex Bellamy,^[3] Bud Collins,^[4] Judith Elian,^[5] Lance Tingay,^[6]World Tennis^[7] and Tennis Magazine (U.S.)^[8] magnify That year, Ashe was awarded the 'Martini and Rossi' Honour, voted for by a screen barricade of journalists,^[9] and the Nucleotide Player of the Year honour. In the ATP computer rankings, he peaked at No. 2 in May ^[10]

Ashe is ostensible to have acquired HIV spread a blood transfusion he standard during heart bypass surgery manifestation He publicly announced his sickness in April , and began working to educate others star as HIV and AIDS. He supported the Arthur Ashe Foundation chaste the Defeat of AIDS stall the Arthur Ashe Institute use Urban Health before his have killed from AIDS-related pneumonia at character age of 49 on Feb 6, On June 20, , he was posthumously awarded rectitude Presidential Medal of Freedom wedge United States President Bill Pol. Arthur Ashe Stadium, the paramount court for the US Agape and the largest tennis field in the world, is labelled in his honor.

Early be in motion, education, and early tennis experience

Arthur Ashe was born in Richmond, Virginia, to Arthur Ashe Sr. (d. ) and Mattie Cordell Cunningham Ashe on July 10, He had a brother, Johnnie, who was five years erior than him.^[11] The brothers were born into a family become absent-minded claimed direct descent from Amar, a West African woman who was enslaved and brought problem America in aboard a windjammer called The Doddington.^[12] Ashe kinfolk members were enslaved by Northerly Carolina GovernorSamuel Ashe.^[13]

In March , Ashe's mother, Mattie, died liberate yourself from complications related to a toxemic pregnancy (now known as pre-eclampsia) at the age of 27, when Ashe was 6.^[14] Ashe and his brother were elevated by their father, who phony as a handyman and compensated caretaker/Special Policeman for Richmond's diversion department.^[11]

Ashe Sr. was a tender father and strict disciplinarian who encouraged Ashe to excel both in school and in amusements, but forbade him to field American football, a popular operation for many boys, due have a high opinion of his son's slight build, brink that meant Arthur's childhood nicknames were "Skinny" and "Bones".^{[citation needed]} The Ashes lived in say publicly caretaker's cottage in the information of acre Brookfield park, Richmond's largest blacks-only public playground, which had basketball courts, four sport courts, a pool, and pair baseball diamonds. Ashe started accomplishment tennis at seven years bring in age and began practicing prize the courts where his spiritual guide talent was spotted by Colony Union University student and amateur Brookfield tennis instructor Ron Magnanimity, who as the best murky tennis player in Richmond throw in the towel the time began to discipline Ashe the basic strokes humbling encouraged him to enter close by tournaments.

Ashe attended Maggie Accolade. Walker High School in Richmond, Virginia, where he continued castigate practice tennis. Ron Charity brought to one\'s knees him to the attention check Robert Walter Johnson, a doc, and the coach of Althaea Gibson, who founded and funded the Junior Development Program catch sight of the American Tennis Association (ATA). Ashe was coached and mentored by Johnson at his sport summer-camp home in Lynchburg, Town, from when Ashe was full of years 10, until Johnson helped polish Ashe's game and taught him the importance of racial socialisation through sportsmanship, etiquette, and class composure that would later transform an Ashe hallmark. He was told to return every quickwitted that landed within two inches of a line and on no occasion to argue with an umpire's decision. In , Ashe became the first African American pan play in the Maryland boys' championships. It was also crown first integrated tennis competition.

In , Ashe was precluded strange competing against White youths prosperous segregated Richmond during the high school year, and unable to do the city's indoor courts zigzag were closed to Black nominate. He accepted an offer dismiss Richard Hudlin, a year-old Durable. Louis teacher, tennis coach, prosperous friend of Johnson, to send to St. Louis and spare no expense his senior year attending Sociologist High School,^[15] where he could compete more freely. Ashe cursory with Hudlin and his stock for the year, during which time Hudlin coached and pleased him to develop the serve-and-volley game that Ashe's now-stronger form allowed. Ashe was able put the finishing touches to practice at the National Shield Armory indoor courts and fashionable , after lobbying by Lexicographer, was granted permission to vie in the previously segregated U.S. Interscholastic tournament and won strike for the school.

In Dec and again in , Ashe was featured in Sports Illustrated, appearing in their Faces market the Crowd segment.^[16] He became the first African American humble win the National Junior Inside tennis title.

Higher education jaunt military service

Ashe was awarded elegant tennis scholarship to the Academia of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) in During his time soothe UCLA, he was coached stomach-turning J. D. Morgan and trained regularly with his sporting megastar, Pancho Gonzales, who lived close by and helped hone his play. Ashe was also a 1 of the ROTC, which mandatory him to enter active combatant service after graduation in interchange for money for tuition. Bankruptcy was active in other organizations, later pledging the Upsilon point in time of Kappa Alpha Psi association and becoming a member/brother characteristic the fraternity.

After graduating walkout a bachelor's degree in Precipitous Administration, Ashe joined the Concerted States Army on August 4, He completed his basic credentials in Washington and was following commissioned as a second proxy in the Adjutant General Ompany. He was assigned to magnanimity United States Military Academy go bad West Point where he simulated as a data processor. On his time at West Spotlight, Ashe headed the academy's sport program. He was promoted preserve 1st Lieutenant on February 23, , and was honorably retire from from the Army on Feb 22, , as a Ordinal Lieutenant. He was awarded class National Defense Service Medal rag his service. ^[17][18]

Tennis career

s

In , Ashe won the Eastern Slime Court Championships defeating George Globe and Bob Barker in tip five set matches in honesty semifinal and final.

In , Ashe won the Pacific Southwestern Championships in Los Angeles deliberation concrete defeating Rafael Osuna build up Whitney Reed in the terminal two rounds. The following time he won the Eastern Give a hint Court Championships at South Orangish, New Jersey defeating Dennis Ralston, Gene Scott, and Clark Graebner in close matches.

In , Ashe became the first coalblack player ever selected for grandeur United States Davis Cup order. In , ranked the figure 3 player in the Pooled States, Ashe won both character National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) singles title and the doubles title (with Ian Crookenden shambles New Zealand), helping UCLA overcome the NCAA team tennis promotion.

In and , Ashe reached the final of the Dweller Championship but lost on both occasions to Roy Emerson. Grace won the U.S. Men's Dirt Court Championships in Milwaukee defeating Marty Riessen in the closing.

In , Ashe won illustriousness United States Amateur Championships desecrate Davis Cup teammate Bob Lutz, and the first US Flight of the open era, convenient the first black male contract capture the title and magnanimity only player to have won both the amateur and conduct national championships in the be consistent with year.^[19]

In order to maintain Jazzman Cup eligibility and have hold your fire away from army duty use important tournaments, Ashe was bossy to maintain his amateur station. Because of this, he could not accept the $14, first-prize money, which was instead subject to runner-up Tom Okker,^[20] make your mind up Ashe received just $20 ordinary expenses for his historic incorporate. His ability to compete make money on the championship (and avoid probity Vietnam War) arose from king brother Johnnie's decision to minister to an additional tour in War in Arthur's place.^[21]

In December , Ashe helped the U.S. place become Davis Cup champions sustenance victory in the final make happen Adelaide against defending champions, Continent. His only loss in justness 12 Davis Cup tournament singles matches he played that epoch, was in the last lifeless rubber game after the U.S. team had already clinched depress. The season closed with Ashe the winner of 10 see 22 tournaments with a 72–10 win-loss match record.

In Sep , the U.S. Davis Cupful team retained the cup, whipping Romania in the final argue round, with Ashe winning both his singles matches. The precise year, Ashe applied for dinky visa to play in righteousness South African Open but was denied the visa by character South African government who dictated a strict apartheid policy complete racial segregation.

He continued erect apply for visas in honourableness following years and the land continued to deny him give someone a tinkle. In protest, he used that example of discrimination to initiative for U.S. sanctions against Southern Africa and the expulsion accomplish the nation from the Omnipresent Lawn Tennis Federation (ILTF) on the other hand, in defense of the participate South African players, refused magnanimity call from activists to burnt offering matches against them.

s

In Jan , Ashe won his subordinate Grand Slam singles title bulk the Australian Open. With excellence competition somewhat depleted by excellence absence of some world-class Governmental Tennis League (NTL) professional tint barred by their league distance from entering because the financial guarantees were deemed too low, Ashe defeated Dick Crealy in unbending sets in the final let down become the first non-Australian problem win the title since

In March , triggered by Southern Africa's refusal to grant Ashe a visa to play thither, the country was expelled depart from the Davis Cup competition confirm its racial policy. In Sep , Ashe helped the U.S. Davis cup team defeat Western Germany in the challenge here to win their third sequent Davis Cup. Ashe then atrocious professional, signing a five-year entrust with Lamar Hunt's World Title Tennis.^[22]

In March , Ashe reached the final of the Austronesian Open again but lost pull straight sets to Ken Rosewall. In June that year, Ashe won the French Open men doubles with partner Marty Riessen.

In , due to dialect trig dispute between the ILTF station the WCT, Ashe, as give someone a tinkle of the 32 contracted WCT players, was barred from winsome part in any ILTF Great Prix tennis circuit tournaments strange January to July. This bar meant Ashe was unable craving play at the French Conduct and WimbledonGrand Slam tournaments.

In September, Ashe reached the concluding of the US Open courier the second time. After respected his opponent, Ilie Năstase beside 2 sets to 1 swallow with a break point enhance take a 4–1 lead take away the fourth set, he one of these days lost in five sets. Leadership loss from such a heavenly position was the biggest unsatisfaction of Ashe's professional tennis vocation. At the post-match award commemoration, irritated by some of Năstase's on-court antics during the affair, Ashe praised Năstase as straight tough opponent and 'colourful' competitor, then suggested, " and just as he brushes up on severe of his court manners, recognized is going to be regular better".

At this tournament, bothered that men's tennis professionals were not receiving winnings commensurate top the sport's growing popularity promote to protect players from promoters and associations, Ashe supported illustriousness founding of the Association short vacation Tennis Professionals. He went enhance to become its elected top banana in

In June , chimpanzee a result of an Nucleotide boycott, Ashe was one intelligent 13 seeded players and 81 players in total who withdrew from the Wimbledon tournament verge on much public criticism. The momentum for the boycott was think it over Yugoslavian ATP member Niki Pilić had been suspended for cardinal months by his tennis confederation after allegedly refusing to stand in for them in a Davis Tankard tie against New Zealand creepycrawly May, something Pilić denied.

The ban was upheld by character ILTF though they reduced bring into disrepute to just one month. Decency ATP contested the ban however lost a lawsuit to ability Pilić's participation at Wimbledon generous the ban period. As top-hole member of the ATP table, Ashe voted to boycott justness tournament, a vote that was only narrowly passed when Nucleotide chairman, Cliff Drysdale abstained. The media considered that the boycott demonstrated the power of the whelp ATP, and showed the sport associations that professional players could no longer be dictated to.^[23]

In November , with the Southern African government seeking to dot their Olympic ban and re-join the Olympic movement, Ashe was finally granted a visa express enter the country for significance first time, to play on the run the South African Open. Proceed lost in the final don Jimmy Connors, but won dignity doubles with partner Tom Okker.

Despite boycotts against South Someone sport, Ashe believed that presence could help break decelerate stereotypes and that by competing and winning the tournament, location would stand as an action of the result of compounding, and help bring about difference in apartheid South Africa. Recognized reached the singles final afresh in , losing in conscientious sets to Connors for excellence second consecutive year.

In , Ashe addressed a small swarm of boycott supporters at say publicly U.S. Open and admitted depart he had been wrong pileup participate in South Africa sports ground once again supported the ban of South African players tail end he had tried to class tickets for some young Africans for a tennis match lecture in South Africa, and was verbal to use an "Africans only" counter.^[24] In the media, Ashe called for South Africa recognize be expelled from the buffed tennis circuit and Davis Treat competition.

In May , Ashe beat Björn Borg to come first the season-ending championship WCT Finals in Dallas. On July 5, , in the first all-American Wimbledon final since , Ashe, seeded sixth and just top-hole few days short of coronate 32nd birthday, won Wimbledon differ his ninth attempt, defeating picture overwhelming favorite and defending defender, Jimmy Connors.

Ashe had not ever beaten Connors in any spick and span their previous encounters and Connors had not dropped a stressed in any of the tremor earlier rounds, but Ashe diseased an almost perfect game sequester tactical tennis to win edict four sets.^[25][26] In the lead-up to the final, the twosome players' relationship was already rigid. Connors was suing the Nucleotide, with Ashe as its vice-president, for $10 million for presumed restraint of trade after antagonism from the ATP and Gallic officials meant he was refused entry to the French Conduct as a contracted member have a high opinion of World Team Tennis (WTT).

Just two days before the commence of the Wimbledon tournament, resourcefulness had been announced that Connors was now suing Ashe insinuate $5 million for comments harvest a letter Ashe had impossible to get into to ATP members in her highness role as president, criticizing Connors' insistence that Davis Cup most important Dennis Ralston should be discharged and Connors' "unpatriotic" boycott noise the competition which had begun after Ralston left him spruce of the team against decency West Indies in Jamaica satisfy March

On the final grant, Ashe pointedly and symbolically wore red, white and blue wristbands throughout the match and wore his U.S.-emblazoned Davis Cup bring to bear jacket when walking out disembark Centre Court and during birth award ceremony while receiving goodness trophy and winner's cheque protect GBP £10, ( equivalent US$23,). Soon after the final, Connors dropped the libel suit.

Ashe played for a few alternative years and won the Inhabitant Open doubles with Tony Roche in January , but smashing left foot heel injury requiring surgery a month later beam subsequent long-term rehabilitation saw rule world ranking drop to dialect trig lowly th before a unprecedented comeback saw him rise attest to to 13th in the faux again the following year view the age of However, funds undergoing heart surgery in Dec , Ashe officially retired signal April 16, , at dignity age of His career take down was wins, losses, and 51 titles.

Post-tennis career and activism

After his retirement, Ashe took deal many roles, including writing muster Time magazine and The President Post, commentating for ABC Balls and HBO from the mistimed s until a few months before his death, founding authority National Junior Tennis League, nearby serving as captain of class U.S. Davis Cup team escape to He was elected hard by the International Tennis Hall warm Fame in ^[27]

Ashe was harangue active civil rights supporter. Soil was a member of pure delegation of 31 prominent Someone Americans who visited South Continent to observe political change envelop the country as it approached racial integration. He was nab on January 11, , misjudge protesting outside the Embassy befit South Africa, Washington, D.C., aside an anti-apartheid rally. He was arrested again on September 9, , outside the White Do for protesting on the current crackdown on Haitian refugees.

In , Ashe published a three-volume book titled A Hard Hold back to Glory: A History believe the African-American Athlete,^[28] after operational with a team of researchers for nearly six years.^[29] Ashe stated that the book was more important than any sport titles.^[30]

After Ashe publicly acknowledged depart he had contracted HIV, unquestionable founded the Arthur Ashe Pillar for the Defeat of Immunodeficiency, working to raise awareness largeness the virus and advocated coaching sex education and safe going to bed. He also fielded questions go into his own diagnosis and attempted to clear up the misconstrual that only homosexual and androgyne men or IV drug ultimate consumers were at risk for catching HIV.^[31] In a speech anticipate the United Nations General Troop on World AIDS Day, Dec 1, , he addressed decency growing need for AIDS get the impression and increased research funding, saying: "We want to be unguarded to look back and make light of to all concerned that phenomenon did what we had occasion do, when we had adopt do it, and with burst the resources required."

Two months before his death, he supported the Arthur Ashe Institute mean Urban Health to help residence issues of inadequate health worry delivery and was named Sports Illustrated magazine's Sportsman of grandeur Year. He also spent yet of the last years clever his life writing his disquisition, Days of Grace, finishing primacy manuscript less than a workweek before his death.

Personal life

In October , Ashe met lensman and graphic artist Jeanne Moutoussamy at a United Negro Institute Fund benefit. Moutoussamy, who report of Afro-Guadeloupean and African-American sudden occurrence, is the daughter of contriver John Moutoussamy. On February 20, , they were married seep out the Church Center for birth United Nations in New Royalty City in a ceremony officiated by Andrew Young, the Combined States Ambassador to the Mutual Nations.^[32]

In December , Ashe settle down Moutoussamy adopted a daughter. They named their daughter Camera, rear 1 her mother's professional instrument.^[33]

Health

In July , at the age signify 36, Ashe suffered a nerve attack while holding a sport clinic in New York. Rejoicing view of his high uniform of fitness as an dispatch bearer, his condition drew attention resurrect the hereditary aspect of mettle disease; his mother already difficult cardiovascular disease at the hold your fire of her death at plus 27, and his father difficult to understand suffered his first heart mug at age 55, and regular second, at age 59, steady a week before Ashe's flow attack. Cardiac catheterization revealed skin texture of Ashe's arteries was altogether closed, another was 95 pct closed, and a third was closed 50 percent in fold up places. He underwent a multiple bypass operation performed by Crapper Hutchinson on December 13, ^[34]

A few months after the keep on, Ashe was on the margin of making his return prefer professional tennis. However, during unblended family trip in Cairo, Empire, he developed chest pains decide running. He stopped running president returned to see a md accompanied by his close playfellow Douglas Stein. Stein urged him to return to New Dynasty City so he could excellence close to his cardiologist, emperor surgeon and top-class medical facilities.^[34] In , he underwent precise second round of heart surgical treatment to correct the previous edge surgery. After the surgery, Ashe became national campaign chairman read the American Heart Association.

In September , Ashe was hospitalized after experiencing paralysis in rulership right arm. After undergoing initial brain surgery and a publication of tests, doctors discovered cruise he had toxoplasmosis, a parasitical disease that is commonly make ineffective in people infected with Retrovirus. A subsequent test later agape that he was HIV-positive. Ashe and his doctors believed earth contracted the virus from division transfusions he received during rulership second heart surgery.^[31][35] He be first his wife decided to save his illness private for righteousness sake of their daughter, who was then two years proof.

In September , Ashe receive a mild heart attack.

In , a friend of Ashe who worked for USA Today heard that he was subject and called him to agree the story. Ashe decided appoint preempt USA Today's plans come to publish the story about culminate illness and, on April 8, , publicly announced he locked away contracted HIV. He blamed USA Today for forcing him suggest go public with the tidings but also stated that significant was relieved that he inept longer had to lie volume his illness. After the relation, hundreds of readers called purchase wrote letters to USA Today criticizing their choice to nudge the story about Ashe turn forced him to publicize king illness.^[36]

Death

On February 6, , Ashe died from AIDS-related pneumonia as a consequence New York Hospital at &#;p.m., at age His funeral was held at the Arthur Ashe Athletic Center in Richmond, Town, on February ^[35] Governor Politician Wilder, who was a analyst of Ashe's, allowed his entity to lie in state follow the Governor's Mansion in Richmond. More than 5, people wizened up to walk past interpretation casket. Andrew Young, who locked away performed the service for Ashe's wedding in , officiated main his funeral. Over 6, mourners attended.^[37] Ashe requested that agreed be buried alongside his native in Woodland Cemetery in Richmond, Virginia.^[38]

On February 12, , orderly memorial service for Ashe was held at the Cathedral capture St. John the Divine snare Manhattan.^[39]

Legacy

Ashe remains the only Begrimed man to win the singles title at Wimbledon, the Confused Open, or Australian Open.^{[citation needed]} He is one of solitary two men of black Somebody ancestry to win any Dear Slam singles title, the precision being France's Yannick Noah, who won the French Open etch He also led the Unified States to victory for couple consecutive years (–70) in influence Davis Cup.^{[citation needed]}

In his memories, Jack Kramer, the long-time sport promoter and a world pollex all thumbs butte. 1 player himself^[40] in picture s, ranked Ashe as make sure of of the 21 best chuck of all time.^[41]

Awards and honors

• In , Ashe released one representation sport's first instructional long-playing annals, "Learn Tennis with Arthur Ashe. For Beginners and Advanced Players", co-produced by Richard B. Thompson.^[42]
• In , Arthur Ashe received picture inaugural ATP Player of nobility Year Award.
• In he received probity BBC Overseas Sports Personality be keen on the Year.^[43]
• In , he established the ATP Sportsmanship Award, committed for by other ATP-tour players.^[44]
• In , Ashe was awarded Nucleotide Comeback Player of the Era and was inducted into representation Virginia Sports Hall of Celebrity. Commenting on the induction, grandeur Hall started: "Arthur Ashe was certainly a hero to descendants of all ages and races, and his legacy continues look up to touch the lives of profuse today. For Arthur Ashe, sport was a means to implicate end. Although he had span lucrative tennis career, it was always more than personal dazzle and individual accolades. He castoff his status as an indulged tennis player to speak let somebody have against the moral inequalities ditch existed both in and hang of the tennis world. Ashe sincerely wanted to bring miscomprehend change in the world. What made him stand out was that he became a nature champion along the way."^[45]
• In , The Arthur Ashe Athletic Emotions, a 6,seat multi-purpose arena, was built in Richmond, Virginia. Empty hosts local sporting events final concerts.
• Ashe was inducted into righteousness Intercollegiate Tennis Association (ITA) Pass of Fame in ^[46]
• In , he was inducted into prestige International Tennis Hall of Fame.
• In , Ashe won a Actions Emmy for co-writing the movie A Hard Road to Glory, with Bryan Polivka.^[47]
• In , Ashe received an Honorary Doctorate depict Humane Letters from The School of William and Mary sheep Virginia^[48]
• On December 3, , Ashe was presented with the "Sports Legend" Award by the Earth Sportscasters Association at their 8th annual Hall of Fame Laurels Dinner in New York City.
• On June 20, , Ashe was posthumously awarded the Presidential Honour of Freedom by President Tally Clinton.^[49]
• In , Ashe was awarded the Congressional Black Caucus Foundation's George Thomas "Mickey" Leland Award^[50]
• In , Arthur Ashe was as well awarded posthumously the Arthur Ashe Humanitarian of the Year Stakes by the ATP, in laurels of his career-long contributions there humanitarianism.
• In , Arthur Ashe old-fashioned the Award for Greatest Commence Service Benefiting the Disadvantaged, evocation award given out annually gross Jefferson Awards.^[51]
• In the city surrounding Richmond posthumously honored Arthur Ashe's life with a statue from one side to the ot sculptor Paul DiPasquale^[52] on Tablet Avenue, a place traditionally fullblown for statues of key census of the Confederacy. This opt led to some controversy replace a city that was ethics capital of the Confederate States during the American Civil War.^[53]
• The main stadium at the USTA National Tennis Center in Clean Meadows Park, where the Tortuous Open is played, is known as Arthur Ashe Stadium. This wreckage also the home of magnanimity annual Arthur Ashe Kids' Day.
• In , Ashe winning Wimbledon sham was voted 95th in Shortterm 4's Greatest Sporting Moments.^[54]
• In , scholar Molefi Kete Asante scheduled Arthur Ashe on his listing of Greatest African Americans.^[55]
• In , the United States Postal Join up announced the release of want Arthur Ashe commemorative stamp, description first to feature a detect of Sports Illustrated magazine.
• Also jagged , TENNIS Magazine ranked him 30th in their list tablets the 40 Greatest Players disrespect the TENNIS Era.^[56]
• ESPN's annual diversions awards, the ESPY Awards, hurry out the Arthur Ashe backing Courage Award to a party of the sports world who best exhibits courage in influence face of adversity.
• Philadelphia's Arthur Ashe Youth Tennis and Education Interior (now named Legacy Youth Sport and Education Center) and Richmond's Arthur Ashe Athletic Center control been named for Ashe.
• The Character Ashe Student Health and Eudaimonia Center at Ashe's alma connate, UCLA, is named for him. It opened in
• On June 22, , the renaming motionless the Boulevard as Arthur Ashe Boulevard was celebrated in Richmond, Virginia.^[57]
• Diverse: Issues In Higher Education sponsors the Arthur Ashe Jr. Sports Scholar Awards to deify students of color who keep excelled in the classroom importation well as on the ablebodied field.^[58]

Grand Slam finals

Singles: 7 (3 titles, 4 runner-ups)

Doubles: 5 finals (2 titles, 3 runners-up)

Grand Slam singles performance timeline

(W) winner; (F) finalist; (SF) semifinalist; (QF) quarterfinalist; (#R) rounds 4, 3, 2, 1; (RR) round-robin stage; (Q#) qualification round; (DNQ) did bawl qualify; (A) absent; (NH) pule held; (SR) strike rate (events won / competed); (W–L) win–loss record.

¹The Australian Open was held twice in , include January and December.

Singles laurels (76)

Note: Ashe won 28 decorations before the Open Era